A forklift should be checked correctly and given a test run prior to buying it. This applies especially to trucks being acquired online. It is vital to detect potential issues with trucks purchased from businesses on the Internet.
Starting the engine from cold is a good idea. Note whether there is excessive smoke and the ease with which the engine turns over. This is specifically crucial with trucks that have IC engines.
Testing the performance of the truck in challenging situations must be included in the test run. A trained operator can operate the truck in reverse and forward, up the ramp.
You can carry out your own inspection of an IC engine truck. On a clear part of floor, run the truck around for several minutes while a qualified driver tests the hydraulic functions. Afterward, look at the ground underneath for signs of fluid leakage. Even seemingly insignificant leaking can indicate serious issues which would be very expensive to repair later on.
The masts and chains must be inspected by a qualified person. Check with and without a load that the mast operates smoothly. Watch for 'binding' or sticking of the mast. A warning indication is play in the mast channels or between the fork carriage and mast. One more is creeping down or creeping forward of the mast when loaded. These can be symptoms of issues with seals, ram or valve.
If the truck is used, the mast might have been changed at some time. Make sure that the mast and any fitted attachments adhere to the rating plate on a truck. Check that the sideshift is not sticking when loaded.
When inspecting the forks, look closely at the heel thickness for wear or damage. The truck's manufacturer specifies minimum thickness. A loose fit could mean the hanger points or carriage are worn. Look for cracks on the arms at heels and mountings.